This paper explores the critical role of verification mechanisms in nuclear disarmament and non-proliferation efforts. Effective verification is essential for ensuring compliance with international treaties, fostering trust among states, and preventing the prospecting and spread of nuclear weapons. This research draws on case studies from the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of nuclear weapons (NPT) and the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT) to examine the successes and challenges in verification processes. It also analyses the emerging role of new technologies, including satellite imagery, artificial intelligence, and blockchain, in enhancing verification protocols. Furthermore, the paper discusses the importance of international cooperation, civil society participation, and institutional transparency in sustaining a robust verification regime. By addressing these aspects, the paper aims to contribute to the broader discussion on achieving lasting global nuclear disarmament.
